How to securely set up your small office network infrastructure
How to do good LAN infrastructure cabling
Infrastructure: Important things to consider when creating your LAN cabling are the purposes of the cabling, the location where you do the cabling, and the users or devices that need to connect to this network. It is important here that there are mainly two types of network switches that can always be used on the LAN infrastructure. These are the standard none (POE) Power over Ethernet switches and the POE switches. POE switches are switches that not only transmit data packets, but also supply power to the device on the receiving end.
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The location where the LAN infrastructure is installed is important because it determines the type of CAT6 cable you should use. There are mainly two types of CAT6 cables for you to choose from. They are the (STP) shielded twisted pair and the (UTP) unshielded twisted pair. STP are technically recommended for outdoor situations as they come with an additional shield in the sheath. This extra jacket ensures that your cables will not wear or break when exposed to the harsh outdoor conditions. The STP cable is often tougher and more expensive compared to the indoor UTP cable.
Make a smart choice from switches on the network
The choice of a switch between POE and no POE depends on whether you need to power devices over the network, such as IP phones, cameras, access points and many others. Network switches are often categorized based on their data transfer speeds. Faster switches are always better because they increase your connectivity speeds and ensure a better network.
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Factors to consider when configuring the LAN
1. The number of users on the network is an important factor to consider. This is because it determines the subnet you can use. If you are going to have more users than a single subnet can contain, make sure to specify a scope that includes all of your expected users. In our next article, we'll talk about how to manage the subnet mask.
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2. Make sure to visualize your devices and especially the shared resources on your LAN. These shared resources include devices such as printers, scanners, SQL database servers, exchange servers, and access points. Such devices should almost always have static (IP) internet protocol addresses. We will also discuss IPs in another article so we can get a better picture. To avoid confusion and conflict on your network, a smart network administrator should always have the shared devices on static IP addresses for easy management. However, it is crucial to ensure that you do not give these devices IP addresses within the lease range of your Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) server.
3. Make sure you have a firewall between the router of the (ISP) internet provider and your LAN switches. This is important as it ensures that you protect your network from unauthorized intrusion or logins. A good firewall always improves security, and these choices can be made based on the finer details and the use of your network.
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It is worth pointing out that all of the above factors will only guarantee you a good network if you have properly shut down your modules and patch panels. Always make sure your cables have been tested and passed the LAN tests before you begin connecting devices to the network. Securing your entire LAN installation in a good cabinet with clean power can also ensure that you have a stable and reliable network in the long run.